How students understand the lectures notes Essay

How students understand the lectures notes - Essay Example According to Hughes and Suritsky (2006), students usually struggle to keep pace with their lecturers and more often not sure on what to take down as notes. Majority do not like asking their fellow students for fear of disclosing their disability making it even more difficult to understand these notes. Other students find it very difficult to understand lecturer’s notes because of the language used. Some lecturers, for example, use English when lecturing, but English is not their first language. Following such lecturer’s notes is incredibly hard unless one makes a lot of extra efforts. Other lecturers use coded language and short sentences that are difficult to follow. Some use shorthand abbreviation and symbols that are hard to understand. However, there are other students who understand lecture notes with ease. According to research that was carried by Trent University (n.d), there are certain things that a student should do before, during and after the lecture. Before the lecture student should reflect on the topic and anticipate what will be covered. More importantly, one should review the previous lectures notes and do the assigned readings to anticipate on their relationship with the next lecture. During the lecture, one should not necessarily write down anything that is given out. Listen carefully for the main points, and cue words used by the lecturer. Know what to write down, for example, new facts and points which the lecturer pauses on or repeats. In addition, develop your personal note taking system. For instance, develop your own abbreviations and symbols and learn to write notes in point form. Research shows students who leave lecture halls before time lose a lot of significant information of what they learn (Longman and Atkinson, 2009). Instead, one should review the tutors notes after it ends. Outlining all the main points and filling all the blank

Material Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Material Review - Essay Example The game is easy to ply, and any child despite their proficiency in English finds it easier and fun. For such bilingual students, the instructor can start by saying â€Å"I spy with my little eyes something green† in the students native language, and then the child is supposed to guess what the teacher would be referring to. Such cycle is repeated over and over; the things the teacher refers to once identified can then be given English names to enable students to comprehend such items in English as well as connecting to their native language. The creator of the game has published numerous books that have helped students in grasping such concepts much easily. The class room has 20 students between 9 and 11 years at grade 5, and the students are proficient Spanish speakers. Students have enrolled for an English lesson, while most of them are first and second generation immigrants from Spain. The reason behind selection of this game is its great importance in involving students i n the learning processes, improving the thinking capacity of a child, and connecting between written, verbal, and visual elements in the learning process. ... Such materials will therefore help such young leaners to connect between their native langue and English, and comprehend such meanings, which will be a major step towards learning English. The material chosen for the lesson is appropriate as it will enhance creativity and improve thinking among students. At grade 5, such students should have an ability to communicate using images and portray creativity in the learning processes as well as use of selected principles and elements in creating images according to certain defined criteria (Ministry of Education, 40). Therefore, the learning material is aimed at enabling students to reflect on items in their own native language and translate such reflection into English langue, which will enable them to grasp the basic concepts verbally and in written format. Freeman and Freeman (36) argues that the key to acquisition is receiving messages that we understand; implying that understanding directions in a foreign language will require the stu dent to make meanings in their own language first. The specific context of the lesson will involve enabling students to grasp concepts in a foreign language, and connect such learning to their own language. Therefore, at first the instructor will lead the class by initiating the â€Å"I spy† game, pinpointing visible elements in the compound in Spanish, where students will be required to identify the specific elements; the instructor writes them down both in Spanish and English. Freeman and Freeman (36) argue that students will acquire ability to read and write the same way they acquire a second language. In writing the names of the elements identified by students in both

Challenges Faced by IKEA

Challenges Faced by IKEA IKEA is a house furnishing store that have been franchise store. IKEA was firstly opened in Sweden, the owner and franchiser of IKEA is from Netherlands and store in almost in 31 countries. Their business concept is We shall offer a wide range of well-designed, functional home furnishing products at prices so low that as many people as possible will be able to afford them. This source is adapted from IKEA provides catalogue and visiting store for customer so its very easy for customer to choose the furniture and pick it up from the self warehouse. Today customization and new product in market is very important due to customer demanding for more and consumer market is changing faster. (Cox and Alam 1998) IKEA has strong ideas in customizing its product to suit the tastes of local markets because IKEA does all the analysis before venture to other country markets. (Cox and Alam 1998). Initially IKEA was not interested in customizing their product but went enter us market IKEA faces customer indifferences so eventually IKEA decided to customize their product. The reason why today we are discussing about IKEA is because for the first time in history an ordinary furnishing retail shop have been franchise all over the world and become very famous among everyone. (Cox and Alam 1998). Due to that we are going to analysis about IKEAs product and promotion to know their secret of success. The typical IKEA customer is young and low to middle income family and in another word can say as that is IKEA target customer. Marketing mix is has 4 ps: place (distribution), promotion, price and product, three extended marketing mix are people, process and physical evidence. According to Philip Kotler (2006) marketing mix a modern marketing system. This concept helps marketers to market the product more systematically. (Armstrong and Kotler 2006). Product strategy begins from marketing mix. (Armstrong and Kotler 2006). Product is goods that a company wants to sell. (Armstrong and Kotler 2006) IKEA produce almost everything that people need for a home. (Armstrong and Kotler 2006). HISTORY OF IKEA The year IKEA was established in 1943 by Ingvar kamprad to sell, pens, wallets and so on. In year 1958, IKEA grew and was introduced as a leader of Swedish Furniture and started to produce local furniture by local manufacturers. Later creating furniture for flat packs and self-assembly to reduce storage space. IKEA slowly expanded their business by opening up kitchenware and restaurant. The largest furniture IKEA display was in Scandinavia and the first store to be open was in Almhult, Sweden. From there IKEA develeoped by opening more stores in other countries such as Germany, Norway and so forth. The advantages of IKEA selling the product in other countries: less-expensive so customer will afford to buy the product according to the country they are located. There are 279 IKEA stores all over the world and IKEA is store in 36 countries. In 279 stores, IKEA group owns 247 stores in 24 countries and the rest is managed by franchise in 16 countries. In Asia IKEA groups only two stores they are located at Japan and China. The first country that IKEA considered to enter was Japan. Because of differences in mentality, culture, lifestyle, behavior and so on, IKEA faceed failure in Japan. In 1986 IKEA needed to shut down their store in Japan because of failure, they re-entered the market again after two years and opened 3 stores in Japan. The second country that IKEA decided to enter in Asia was China. Almost 6 stores had been opened in China and IKEA decided to open more in the future. IKEA provides abundant resources, cheap labor and invest in China market because to comfort for its investment. Due to bureaucracy system there are some challenges IKEA faces, high tax and so on. IKEA also creates an enterprise myth and become biggest furniture retail in world. Even though Japan and china located in Asia but Japan have unique characteristics. Since Japan needs an adaptation IKEA entered twice in Japanese market in order to establish their market. CORE OBJECTIVES, GOALS AND VISION OF IKEA IKEAs main objective is to invest and expand their business while maximize profit in return. IKEA also ensure that catalogue is distribute to the targeted people, so that they can become IKEA customer in terms of demographic attributes and they might travel to the store. The IKEAs vision is to create everyday life for many people everyday life for the many people. IKEAs goal is to produce or offer a wide range of well designed product, functional home furnishing product, interior and so on in a low price so many people will be afford to buy their products. On top of that IKEA trying level best to build up a good relationship with the customer and come up with funny strategy to attract customer. Basically IKEAs concept is to sell good product in a low price. Challenges faced by IKEA in international environment Furniture from Sweden is sold in the USA  is relatively higher even though the price of Sweden drop every year so IKEA is finding a solution for it, shipping from Europe to other country takes around 1 to 2 months and shipping cost is expensive. Countries like Japan IKEA have to customize the product and packaging according to their taste because previously when IKEA come up with standardization IKEA fails so to overcome this they now maintaining standardization, economy concern by rising living costs and depleting disposable income its a treat on performance of the IKEA business in u.k and u.s.a market specifically. By expand their business abroad IKEA has increase competition for international business and lot of competitor so IKEA had customize and standardize their product to attract the customer but the same IKEA also have to learnt other country market in order to compete wit them. IKEA business is successful in Europe, but it has met lots of challenges in the Chinese market. After 8 years entering into Chinese market, it has opened only 4 shops, and the sales portion in the Chinese market is less than 10% of its outlets. IKEA has been encountered in lot of problems when entering into the market especially developing countries. Product The product is anything that satisfies our want or need and product that can be marketed is including physical goods, services and so on. (Philip Kotler). The product decision also included aspects such as delivery arrangement financing warehousing and things that useful for people. (Philip Kotler) According to IKEA management they did not did any differentiations in their product ranges and way they conduct when going international especially on French and Chinese market. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications) .Product in Swedish and France, there is no major differences between products. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications)In a research the author found out that all of those products were same for example kitchen and dining room, living room, bedroom, the house organization, decoration, lighting, and so forth. Comparing catalogues in different countries the catalogues was almost same and only two dissimilarities was found is: The French catalogue offers cupboards is much more variety of size than Swedish catalogue. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications) The French catalogue presents wider range of available to purchase mattresses. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications) The Chinese catalogues have been divided into 5 categories in order to increase purchase and increase number of localized product in Chinese market. (Bjà ¶rk, 2000, Lewis, 2005) It is it is obvious that localized product is more in Chinese market for example kitchen wares as chopsticks, Chinese textile and so on. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications) Product range is wider in china compare to Sweden and France, during any festival or special occasions IKEA introduce new product in china. (Thrane Carlsen, 2005) IKEA keeps flat packaging strategy and democratic design (function + design + low price = democratic design) strategy on market every market. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications) The product line of IKEA has been considered in every situation as the IKEA identify and also the product concept is given IOS which means IKEA of Sweden. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). All the product of IKEA which have been selling all over the world is conformed to the European Union (eu) and national norms in order to maintain the quality standard. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications) IKEA with Skanska offer not only product but apartment and furnished by IKEA products. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). IKEA sells most the product with the same standards because management and communication models wants to expand the same image of Sweden to worldwide. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). IKEA has to introduce much more localized products into the Chinese market and reduce the price because its relatively higher than domestic furniture products in China. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications) .Due to Chinese market are relatively low cultural content and much more dimensions so more localized products are introduced to the Chinese market. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications) When IKEA sells product to the French market, they must be very careful because French people has high taste of art, and take serious consideration of product design, color shade and so on. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). IKEA until t oday could maintain their product standard because they manufacture and produce their own product. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications) IKEA only picks good timber in order to produce furniture and pick the best raw material to produce product and also can say as this is the secret of IKEA product. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications) PROMOTION The function of promotion is to attract customer behavior in order to close the deal or sale. (Neil H.Bordens).The way to promote is trough advertisement, sales promotion, public promotion and etc. (Neil H.Bordens).IKEA does not spend that much in promotion but yet they try to use all the time different communication forms to advertise and promote their furniture and so on. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). Apart from that maybe can find media advertising via television and internet, IKEA catalogue advertisement, like IKEA bedroom-car riding all over USA or big square and so on. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). The brand IKEA is kept on three markets as every product is sold under IKEA brand, the registered trademark at the world dimension. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). This brand appears in every product and packaging. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). In china IKEA first time used media to make promotion by playing 8-minute TV show. (Thrane Carlsen, 2005). All IKEA products could be viewed in catalog or website but must purchase in the store, for Chinese customer furniture are directly delivered to home for free. (Thrane Carlsen, 2005) Basically IKEA come with this catalogue and so on is for family-orientation and IKEAs policy of comfortable home. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). IKEA have come up with different design of catalogue in different country according to their lifestyle and environment and so on. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications).IKEA has completely different way of communicate with its customer. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications).IKEA Mostly advertises in website and present not only furniture but also involvement latest design of computer science that they have used to attract the customer. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications).IKEA has undertaken a few adaptations in its product design and sales promotions with different focus according to the feature of target market. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). IKEA give a feeling that IKEAs is very close to the cu stomer, because they have trained the staff in that way to maintain a very good relationship with the customer. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). By doing this IKEA thinks that is one of the effective ways of marketing and to promote their product to customer. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). Price Price means the pricing strategy that be used for a product or service. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). The pricing decision should be taken into account profit margin and probable pricing response of competitor in order to compete with them. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications) The pricing is not only list price but also include discounts, financing and others. Price is one of the most important issues in the process of coming up with ideas, distributing and manufacturing products, designing and so forth. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). All the company keeps its strategy of prices by offering wide range of products with stylish design, good quality with reasonable price so people can afford to buy it.usuniers argument is about the culture influence on pricing is a bit weak. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications).IKEAs pricing policy is cost oriented as well as customer value oriented but its not necessarily culture based. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications).Despite, china situation is not stable due to economical conditions but they seem to be better and better. (Bjà ¶rk, 2000, Lewis, 2005).IKEA try to maintain the prices all over its shop and mostly succeed but not always those following are IKEAs objective for providing furniture in a lower price in different markets: (Bjà ¶rk, 2000, Lewis, 2005) Learn different elements of the production cost for example color of mugs. (Bjà ¶rk, 2000, Lewis, 2005) Find cheap techniques of production or cheaper manufacturers for example in China. (Bjà ¶rk, 2000, Lewis, 2005) Rduce additional cost in the production, the transport and the management, for example to pack products in flat packages. (Bjà ¶rk, 2000, Lewis, 2005). Long-term orientation is one of the core Chinese cultures people are very concern about the quality and price, so IKEA have to come up with reasonable price in Chinese market. (Bjà ¶rk, 2000, Lewis, 2005) However price is not a problem in Europe, as IKEAs product is always of good quality and lower price, so IKEA focus more on sales promotion to gain the market share in Europe. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications).IKEA designers, manufactures and purchasers still spending most of their days to find a solution to low the price of IKEA product and they wants customer to buy high value product in a cheap price. (E. Lewis; Cyan Communications). CONCLUSION IKEA have franchise their market and also was successful in overseas. In fact IKEA have failed initially before they made it in Japan especially. IKEA have to come up with more strategy and try to venture in more business. They also should open up more IKEAs in overseas and maximize the promotion in order to reach the target customer. Before open up a business IKEA should analysis the country market whether adaption or standardization to be applied in the particular country so that the company will never face failure. From the analysis, it shows that IKEA has strong relationship of network structure, large number and customer in worldwide to internationalize. Actually in a market survey on target customer everyone says that no any command on IKEAs product because their quality of product is very good and worth of buying it and also last for many years. IKEA products are affected in abroad market because of cultural factors and political factors. For example Japan people doesnt like i nternational product and got to customize the product. Political factors are affected like there is some barriers in some countries that standardization packaging is not allowed and they have change the packagings due to this IKEA have to spend allowed. RECOMMENDATION IKEA have to always pre-planned and alert with market situation and move forward in order to ovoid unnecessary cost. They have to come with a strong strategy so that other competitor can beat up their market. IKEA is very confident that their quality of product is very good and competitors cannot compete with but IKEA but mustnt be like that because nowadays cant predict or underestimate about competitor. IKEA always must be ready to face consequence or either successful. IKEA also should promote more their product and organize lot of event in order to make the brand more popular among people. IKEA must give lot of sponsor of charity, sports and all in order to attract customer. The best ways in distribute flyers, article and so on about IKEA products and how good quality products they are using for example.

Deregulation In The Electric Industry :: essays research papers fc

Electricity is the principal force that powers modern society. It lights buildings and streets, runs computers and telephones, drives trains and subways, and operates all variety of motors and machines. Yet most people, despite their great dependence on electrical power, hardly give it a thought. They flip a switch, turn a key, or pick up a phone and expect the power to be there without fail. The almost-century old structure of the American electric utility industry is in need of change. Almost all interested parties accept the fact that technological change and altered views of the nature of government intervention have made the idea of increased competition attractive (Johnson 35). But just how should the competitive market be structured? Some participants want complete deregulation so they can derive the fullest benefits of competition quickly. Others argue that the unfettered free market, however, will cause hardship and inequities (36). Stability in electrical power has traditionally depended on a system highly regulated by federal and state government. In recent years, however, many leaders in government and industry alike have pushed for deregulating the system to make it more responsive to changes in business and technology and more open to the forces of free-market competition (Craven C5). Deregulation has been successful in reducing costs and promoting innovation in airlines, natural gas, telecommunications and other industries. The electric industry is next. Initial steps to deregulate electrical power are now being taken in the United States and Canada. Today the subject is being actively debated in board-rooms and state-houses across the Continent. Everyone is wondering what deregulation will do to the industry. People do not know how it will affect businesses and consumers, and they are debating whether to move fast or slow with deregulation. The "open access" rule of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission went into effect on July 9, 1996. Known as Order 888, it applies only to wholesale transactions. It requires public utilities that own, operate, or control transmission lines to charge other firms the same transmission rates they charge themselves, under comparable terms and conditions of service (Encarta "Deregulation"). This will open control of the market, and it will prevent utilities from denying transmission grid access through prohibitively high rates. Public utilities, municipal utilities, and rural cooperatives are the only customers that are able to purchase wholesale power for resale. Office buildings provide the power to their end users, but the tenants, building

Aphg Chapter 6 Vocab

APHG Chapter 6 1. Universalizing religions- A religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location. 2. Branch- A large and fundamental division within a religion. 3. Denomination- A division of a branch that unites a number of local congregations into a single legal and administrative body. 4. Sect- A relatively small group that has Brocken away from an established denomination. 5. Christianity- 6. Islam- 7. Buddhism- 8. Martin Luther- 9. Protestantism- 10.Ethnic religion- A religion with a relatively concentrated spatial distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location in which its adherents are concentrated. 11. Monotheism- The doctrine or belief of the existence of only one god. 12. Polytheism- Belief in or worship of more than one god. 13. Animism- Belief that objects, such as plants or stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and c onscious life. 14. Hinduism- 5. Hearth- The center at which something has originated. 16. Missionary- An individual who helps to diffuse a universalizing religion. 17. Pagan- A follower of a polytheistic religion in ancient times. 18. Ghetto- During the middle ages, a neighborhood in a city set up by law to be inhabited only by jews; now used to denote a section of a city in which members of any minority group live because of social, legal, or economic pressure. 19. Pilgrimage- A journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes. 0. Cosmogony- A set of religious beliefs concerning the origin of the universe. 21. Solstice- Astronomical event that happens twice a year, when the tilt of the earth’s axis is most inclined toward or away from the sun causing the suns apparent position in the sky to reach it most northernmost or southernmost extreme , resulting in the shortest an longest days of the year. 22. Sacred structures- 23. Church- 24. Mosque- 25. Temple- 26. Pagod a- 27. Cemetery- 28. Cremation- 29. Catacombs- 0. Utopian Settlement- 31. Autonomous religion- A religion that does not have a central authority but shares ideas and cooperates informally. 32. Hierarchical religion- A religion in which a central authority exercises a high degree of control. 33. Roman Catholic hierarchy- 34. Fundamentalism- Literal interpretation and strict inherence to basic principles of a religion. 35. Caste- The class or distinct hereditary order into which a Hindu is assigned according to religious law.

The School Based Assessment

WRITING ASSIGNMENT Paragraph Outline Topic sentence: There are several benefits of the school based assessment to the learning process in school. Supporting point 1: The student achievement can be observed continuously. Supporting point 2: Able to reflect the standard and ability of students. Supporting point 3: Reinforce learner’s autonomy and independent learning. Conclusion: To sum up, the school based assessment is a new culture of learning and teaching that advocate students in all-round development which gives a more comprehensive picture of individual student learning needs.First Draft Recently, our school education system had been reform to the new system which is called the school based assessment. In order to improve our school education system, the government has taken this large step that also making the UPSR and PMR to be abolished. Besides that, it has many benefits to our school learning process compare to the older system. First and foremost, the achievement of the students can be observed continuously.The teachers can assess the students continuously in a pressure-free environment. The assessment is taken every day in the class session by several aspects. Next, it can reflect the standard and ability of the students. All students have the same chance of showing their ability . It avoid the limitations of judging students on their performance with a single examination. The school based assessment can also reinforce learner’s autonomy and independent learning.For instance, the student can carrying peer reviews and writing after a model in the assessment task. By this system, students cannot expect that teachers will give them all the information needed but they must think and find it from another resource. To conclude, the school based assessment is a new culture of learning and teaching that advocate students in all round development which gives a more comprehensive picture of individual student learning needs.